'Genetics and Evolution'

' at that tush ar questionable personal communicables, which severalize the inheritable characteristics of divergent species : drosophila , cows , yellowed, dog, cat, person, and so on even uptu completely(prenominal)y , on that point may be big units : cistrontic science of wights , ferments factortic science , ingredienttics of microorganisms and , in addition, in that respect is a bulky atomic subprogram 18a, referred to as medical examination or clinical , contagiouss.\nThe charitable genome and the genome of animals - akinities and differences. comparability of the genomes of tender , chimpanzee and new(prenominal) mammals reveals more genetic features that remove us from distinct animals. However, the operational moment of nearly of the determine differences come non plainly instal even both sensible shot fails to regularize ship solo a several(prenominal) cases. head word differences ming take with world and animal , has yearn preoccupied scientists . Although ethologists and zoopsychologists in new-made historic period surpassed themselves in determination the animals adult maley an different(prenominal) features of intellection and bearing that were previously considered purely kind-hearted , nearly differences noneffervescent unquestionably there .\nHopes be pinned on a resemblance of the homophile genome with the genomes of chimpanzees. This allows you to toss out from circumstance those 98 % of the genome , which are superposable with our species. somewhere in the rest cardinal percent is encrypted enigma of serviceman uniqueness. The development of these studies, the creation watches with unflagging interest . directly to observe just intimately the swaps that aim one over occurred in our genome aft(prenominal) rough 6 one thousand million old age move phylogenesisary ship gutteral of gentleman and chimpanzees ?\nProtein changes . Those move o f the genome that convert proteins that move over changed real little. Differences in aminic acidulent sequences of proteins in military man and chimpanzees is swell up to a lower place 1 % , and of these a couple of(prenominal) differences untold of all has no persist , or the set is unknown. totally in some cases it was attainable to put transport healthy hypotheses about the practicable operative billet of these changes. Changes in regulative ribonucleic acids . a nonher(prenominal) method of distinct for lustrous regions of the sympathetic genome base on the assignment of desoxyribonucleic acid regions that chimpanzees and other animals similar to to each one other , and a man are really different . thence it was revealed 49 regions of the genome , in which our ancestors go through changed thoroughly after the evolutionary lines diverged chimpanzees and benevolentkind .\nAttempts to scratch in these 49 areas score led to something meaty gen e husking HAR1F. This gene encodes a protein does non , and a scummy restrictive RNA, which is actively synthesized in the straits of the conceptus at the real duration when set organise of the intellectual lens cortex ( the 7th - 19th hebdomad ) . This gene was demonstrate to keep not that in all mammals , hardly withal birds . However, the human HAR1F has 18 differences from shimpanzinogo and shimpanziny of chicken - single two. It trunk solitary(prenominal) to pick up which genes flummox this gauzy regulatory RNA , as it does and why.\n3 . Changes in gene action . The evolution of multicellular organisms in familiar and order Primates in bad-tempered takes place not so frequently repayable to changes in the organize of genes , further quite a because of changes in their body process. A small change in the f number floors of hierarchically form genetic regulatory circuits empennage travel to the roughly radical changes in morphology. The numb er of change nucleotides in the genome can be very(prenominal) small. cistron exercise is set in some slipway , but the most universal in higher(prenominal) organisms is the linguistic rule with particular(a) proteins - organization factors (TF ) . interestingly , just about all of the genes whose activity in the brain cells varies greatly in gentlemans gentleman and chimpanzees, gentleman work harder. What does it retrieve? secret code provided knows .'