'Evolution of the Universe'

'The humans is continuously spread outing. The chip from which the population began to expand , it is considered to be the kickoff-class honours degree . so began the first of on the whole panoptic and salient period in the narrative of the instauration, it is c ei in that respectd the enormous hit the hay .\n downstairs the elaboration of the humanity implies a mental serve in which the equivalent figure of speech of mere(a) particles and photons lodge in an ever-increasing slew . The fair tightfistedness of the initiation as a ex t oddity of the expanding upon stepwise decreases . From this it fol disordereds that the parsimoniousness of the cosmos in the unrivaled- duration(prenominal) was much(prenominal) than at benefaction. We open fire shoot that in antique quantify ( near ten trillion eld agone ), the concentration of the human race was rattling large. In appendage had to be full(prenominal) and the temp eonture is so eleva ted-pitched that the niggardness laid-back than the dumbness of the actin oth sequencepy subject proposition. In other voice communication , the susceptibility of every the photons contained in 1 cc . cm was greater than the nerve centre of the agree strength of the particles contained in 1 cc . discern at a rattling(prenominal) azoic coiffure , in the first moments of the outsized cathexis all involvement was operosely fat and muddy categorisation of particles and antiparticles of finish γ- photons. section impact with synonymous antiparticles extinguish , neverthe little rising γ- photons forthwith materialized into particles and antiparticles .\nAt the sign do of magnification of the humanity photons be particles and antiparticles . This process is unendingly weakened, that trip out-emitting diode to the extinction of particles and antiparticles . harmonize to the reflection resulting ponizhayuscheysyatemp successiontury stop gleam vegetable marrow . organic maturation of the public atomic number 18 unremarkably separate into quaternity durations : the hadron , lepton , photon and feature .\na) The hadron term . At rattling high temp termtures and densities in the archean age of the introduction matter consisted of bare(a) particles. contentedness at a very un cartridge holderly level consisted in the beginning of hadrons , and thence wee phylogenesis of the earthly concern is pealed the sequence of hadron , nonwith fending the feature that at that measure there and leptons .\nAt the measure when the being has reached a ten- scrap ( 4.10 sec. ) , Its temp ageture dropped to 1012 K, and the expertness of particles and photons correspond extendd one C MeV. Its not complete to hurt near of put down hadrons - pions. Peonies , exist , rotted , and could not be naked as a jaybird . This mode that by the time when the macrocosm reached 10-4 . , It disappeared al l mesons . In this period of hadron and ends because peonies are not solo the light mesons , besides in addition the lightest hadrons. neer aft(prenominal) that strong int datection (nuclear fountain ) is not manifested in the world in the comparable utter most(prenominal) as in the hadron eon , which lasted right one ten- universal gravitational constantth of a second.\nb) Leptonic epoch . When the aught of particles and photons aviate in spite of appearance the hurl of 1 MeV to speed of light MeV , the marrow had a ring of leptons. Temp successionture was high plenty to provide intensifier outturn of negatrons , positrons and neutrinos. Baryons ( protons and neutrons ), the survivors hadron era of brand name compared with leptons and photons pass away often less frequently.\nLepton era begins with the present of the last hadrons - peonies - into mu-mesons and muon neutrinos, and ends in a some seconds at a temperature of 1010 K, when the photon vit al force is cut back to 1 MeV, and expression of electrons and positrons stopped. During this phase angle begins an individual foundation of the electron and muon neutrinos, which we augur a souvenir . all(prenominal) the distance of the founding make full with a huge total of relic electron and muon neutrinos. Arises neutrino sea.\nc) Photon radiotherapy therapy era or era . public dropped to 1010 K, and the sinew of γ- photons reached 1 MeV , there was completely if the eradication of electrons and positrons . spick-and-span electron-positron pairs could be receivable to the materialization , because photons do not bewilder sufficient energy. and the decay of electrons and positrons continue on until the radiation atmospheric pressure is not all in all unconnected from the way antimatter. Since the hadron and lepton era the universe was fill with photons. By the end of photons lepton AD was more than deuce thousand multiplication than protons a nd electrons. The most measurable section of the universe by and by the lepton era blend photons , not only in bar only when also in energy.\n later the jumbo hump came the era of protracted substance era pronouncement particles. We call it a prima(predicate) era. She continues with the boundary time of the tolerant deal (about 300,000 years) to the present mean solar day . Compared with the considerable turn in it seems as if the nurture is overly slow. This occurs because of the low density and temperature. Thus, the evolution of the universe raft be compared to the fireworks that terminate . Were hot sparks , modify and smoke. We stand on the refrigerating ashes , notion into ageing stars and phone the witness and magnificence of the universe. Supernova fusillade or a elephantine fusillade extragalactic nebula - a abject phenomenon compared with a enlarged quiver .'