Human Observation Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Human Observation Project - Research Paper Example For this documentation, an observation on how sales people practically profile their customers even before they enter the shop and how they treat the said individuals after profiling them shall be further presented. It is expected by the researcher that through this particular documentation a better idea on how people deal with people based on how they carry themselves shall be better focused upon. The application of personality theory shall be used in this documentation to see how people respond to other individuals' appearance and approach to clothing selection and presentation (Allport, 2002, 43). This theory is to be used to attain the basic aim of finding out how reactions of a person towards another creates a definite behavioural effect on the part of the one who is taking the role of the observer (Carver, 2004, 34). Basically, the personality theory is based upon the identification of human behavioural response towards the matters that are happening around them, may it be regarding a particular event or a particular person they might have a connection with. To assure that this research would garner considerable results that are in connivance with the hypothesis being proven, the researcher has decided to place an accomplice who would stand as two different people in two different events that are considered to be the primary situations that are to be used as the key conceptual factor that would be the foundation of this experimental research. During the first trial, the accomplice would be dressed as a rather ordinary person in slippers and would be asked to enter a jewellery shop. A recording of the conversation that would occur between the accomplice and the personnel that would approach him would be recorded. He would then choose a particular accessory and buy it and an observation on how the sales person and other personnel involved would react to the gesture of the accomplice shall be recorded for observation as well. During the second trial, the accomplice shall be dressed well. The observation shall be recorded by the accomplice himself. This time, he would not buy anything from the shop. The comments shall be recorded as much as possible to give a possible reflection on the hypothesis that is being proven in this experimentation. Results FIRST TRIAL: There were three sales personnel in the shop. Two of them approached the ordinarily dressed accomplice. One stood just beside the jewellery stand while the other assists him closely. Not actually knowing what to offer to the accomplice, the sales person just accompanied him wherever he went acting like as if he would steal the accessories that he inspects for buying. The guard was also standing at a steady trying to see what the accomplice was doing. Everyone in the store was likely adamant about the situation but never showed any "shooing" character towards the accomplice. When the accomplice finally buys something, it seemed like as if the hard attention given

Literature Review: Burglary and Crime Prevention

Literature Review: Burglary and Crime Prevention LITERATURE REVIEW INTRODUCTION The literature study in this study revolved around a document analysis on the Constitution, (SA 1996: Constitution), Crime Prevention Strategies, previous studies in the field by discussing the following concepts: environmental criminology, the burglary/robbery process, motivation, target selection, residents’ activities and lifestyle, accessibility of neighbourhood, perspective on environmental crime prevention, crime prevention through environmental design, situational crime prevention. ENVIROMENTAL CRIMINOLOGY A range of factors including social, economic, demographic, biological, psychological and physical, influence the occurrence of crime. According to Naude (2000:7) high levels of crime are more prevalent in countries where there is a high proportion of people who feel economically deprived. From the suspects arrested for housebreaking residential and house robbery in Westville policing area for the period 2012/2013 it is evident that the suspects are not resident in Westville policing area. This study will therefore focus on locations of crime, the characteristics of those locations, the movement paths that bring offenders and victims together at those locations as it would be easier to alter the environmental opportunities for crime than to influence the complex soci-economic factors motivating offenders (Smith 1986:82). This was also found in Naude (1988:11) who stated that it would be easier to prevent opportunities for crime in the physical environment, since committing the crime can mainly be attributed to rational decisions rather than being the result of pathological, biophysical, psychological or social factors. Sovensend in (David 2003:7) argues that a crime only occurs when there is integration in what motivates the offender to commit the crime. The aim would thus be as also found in Smith (1986:84), to reduce opportunities for crime as perceived by potential offenders, by introducing target hardening, target removal, reducing the payoff and encouraging public surveillance. THE BURGLARY/ROBBERY PROCESS This process refers to the causal events within a specific time and space context that leads to the commission of the offence. For burglary/robbery to take place there must be a ready, willing and able offender, a vulnerable attractive provocative target, a favourable environment and the absence of a willing, able and credible modulator (Ekblom 1996:47-50). According to Wilcox (1990:1) the following elements must be present in order for a crime to occur: Desire, Ability and Opportunity. This is depicted in the crime triangle below Fig.2.3.1 OPPORTUNITY The desire and ability refers to the characteristics of a criminal or potential criminal and the opportunity, conditions conducive to a criminal act. The absence of any one of the elements will result in no crime taking place. For a crime to occur the potential perpetrator must have a need and a target. According to Brangtinham and Brantingham (1993:268) the search for a suitable targets rests on a general backcloth formed by routine activities and on a template that helps identify what a great chance is or what a good opportunity would be or how to search for chance and opportunities. By performing daily routines of non-criminal activities the triggered potential burglar develops an awareness space. In accordance with his/her idealized crime template, his/her target will be searched in the awareness space. When the potential burglar finds such a target, he/she will commit the burglary. It is important to realize that the triggered event, the probable crime template, the activity backcloth and the criminal readiness are interrelated. They further went on to say that mixed-use developments are likely to contain a variety of land-users which could potentially provide increased and more diverse opportunities for crime. Shopping malls, storage places, schools, and service stations and restaurants tend to attract criminals as well as legitimate customers to the area. The routine activities of the community (including potential offenders) will therefore affect the incidence of crime in and around these nodes of activity, which are systematically more concentrated in mixed-use developments. Westville’s mixed land development ensures many persons outside Westville to traverse into Westville for work, leisure and potential criminal activity. The above indicate that criminals identify their targets during their day to day activities identifying those areas where they would not be easily identified, are easily accessible and are affluent. Research on burglaries done by (Brantingham and Brantingham 1981, Rengert and Wasilchick 1985) suggests that residential burglars engage in a search process along â€Å"activity spaces† in order to select neighbourhoods in which to commit burglaries. Neighbourhoods are chosen along familiar routes and this is done during the day to day movement of the burglars. This was also found in Schneider and Kitchen 2002:107 who stated that , offenders , like ordinary people, have day to day schedules which involve trips to and from work, visiting friends, going shopping and it is during the course of these activities that they search out likely targets. These targets may even be repeatedly victimised. The busyness of a location also creates opportunities for criminal activities as was found in Shover (1991) who stated that the busyness and anonymity of a large city attracts those who earn a living through crime as it reduces the possibility of offenders being recognised as strangers. This view was also held by Rubenstein H, Murray C, Motoyama T and Rouse W (1980) who reported that heavy pedestrian and vehicular traffic flows were associated with higher victimisation rates as it creates high-density environments and this reduces the risk of strangers and potential offenders being recognised. OFFENDERS MOTIVATION According to Reppetto (1972:21) the satisfaction of a perceived need for money appeared to be the primary motive for most burglaries although offenders did acknowledge that subsidiary satisfactions such as excitement revenge curiosity and feelings of group solidarity also played a role in their decision to offend. This was also found in the study done by Dr. Zinn( ) where he interviewed 30 convicted residential robbery perpetrators on the motivation for offending. 97% of the perpetrators in the study stated their motivation being economic gain; the victims were target because of their wealth. 80% stated that their families and friends and acquaintances in their communities had knowledge of their criminal activities. They stated that residential robbery resulted in quick money. In a study done by May (2011:70) it was found that the majority of perpetrators reported that unemployment triggered their aggravated robbery. TARGET SELECTION The manner in which criminals select potential crime sites, penetrate a variety of symbolic and physical barriers to commit crime, has drawn attention from environmental criminologists. Weatherburn (2001:6) states that criminals commit more crime when the opportunities to do so are more and incentives to do so are good. The following are factors that are conducive for the selection of a possible target: lax physical security, lax personal security, lax law enforcement or low perceived risk of apprehension, attractive commercial or residential targets and easy opportunities for selling or disposing of stolen goods. In Bernasco and Nieuwbeerta (2004:297) it was found that burglars target specific areas that offer increased revenue, requires minimal effort when the premises or property is entered, the premises/property appear to have valuable items; and the burglars feel (perceive) that they will not be apprehended or disturbed while conducting the burglary (low risk of being detected and apprehended. They further state on (2004:297-298) that the burglar would look at the affluence level of the property; and the possibility (likelihood) of the successful completion of the criminal act. The wealth displayed in the form of properties and vehicles by Westville residents may be what criminal are drawn to. Felson and Clark (1988) states that there are four elements designated by acronym VIVA that influences a targets risk of being victimized by crime namely: value, target must be rewarding , inertia, the ability of the target to be moved, visibility, exposure of targets to offenders, access, all those environmental and situational features that my facilitate offenders getting to the target. Sovensend (2003:17) is of the opinion that burglars estimate the potential rewards by assessing the size and condition of houses, yards, and vehicles parked in garages. Conspicuous evidence of wealth places a property at a higher risk of victimisation. As is the case in Westville which is an affluent area. However, Wessel (2002:13) argues that there is evidence that most expensive looking homes are spared for fear of security devices or the presence of staff on the property. According to Tilley, N Pease, K Hough, M Brown, R ( 1999:7) that burglars target areas were there is a possibility of high value valuables, nobody present to prevent the burglary from taking place, that there is a market where the stolen goods can be disposed of and in return receive a monetary incentive for the stolen goods and the dwelling have insufficient security hardware to provide it with any reasonable level of perceived guardianship (protection) This was supported by Reppetto (1971:16) in his study he obtained from the interviewees as to the reason for selection of their targets being, ease of access, appears affluent, feels inconspicuous, presence not be questioned, isolated neighbourhoods, few police patrols and anonymity of neighbours. Kleemans ( 1996:55) in his findings as to why perpetrators repeatedly victimise he said, the first is the knowledge the burglar has obtained about the goods to be stolen, the second time the burglar can steal the goods he/she could not transport the first time, the goods that he/she forgot to steal the first time; or the goods for which he/she has only now found a potential client for, the burglar can be reassured that after a time the goods stolen the first time have been replaced, knows the risk factors (layout of the house, the ease of access and egress). Pease (1998:6) argued that the key reasons for repeats are believed to be the presence of good, and lack of bad, consequences of the first crime for the offender, and the stability of the situation which presents itself to an offender on the first and subsequent visits to the scene of his/her crime. PERMEABILITY OF NEIGHBOURHOOD According to Garland F White (1990:59) permeability is the number of access streets from traffic arteries to the neighbourhoods. He is of the opinion that permeable neighbourhoods may provide less risk of apprehension for offenders as there are more escape routes. In addition they may be more likely to be selected for burglaries on the basis of chance. If a neighbourhood has more avenues of access, the chance of an offender entering it while searching for a burglary location would be greater. Schneider and Kitchen (2007:121) reported on a study which compared a dense permeable housing estate with a lower density estate dominated by cul-de- sac. Their finding was that burglaries, auto crime, arson and public disorder were significantly higher for the area with a higher density permeable development. They were cautious to note that there are many other factors, other that density and street layout, which may help to explain these patterns Although neighbourhood permeability has been linked to neighbourhood crime rates, the results have not always been conclusive. An experimental study in Hartford Connecticut (Fowler 1982) found that decreasing the number of entrances to the experimental neighbourhood and thereby decreasing the amount of traffic did not necessarily reduce robberies and burglaries in the long run although there was a short-term reduction in crimes. The pattern of victimisation moved from less-travelled side streets to the more heavily travelled streets in the district. The study suggests that a reduction in crime could be achieved both when physical permeability is reduced and when the neighbourhood is organized socially to prevent crimes. The physical changes alone were not enough to produce a long term reduction in crime. (Taylor and Nee 1988) are of the opinion that dwellings which are more visible from the street or neighbours and passers-by, are less desirable as a target for burglars. David WM Sovensend 2003:17 were of the same opinion. He also stated that burglars tend to avoid targets easily observed by neighbours or passers-by. Therefore, it can be deduced that houses in isolated areas, not visible from the road and on large properties of land which are next to parks or other non-residential areas are more attractive to burglars. A study by Davison and Smith (2003) revealed that crime was more frequent in accessible areas with commercial land use and residential burglary was reported to be more frequent in residential properties close to commercial areas (Dietrick 1977). Research by Wilcox and Quisenberry (2004) revealed that businesses in residential areas exhibited an increased risk of burglary. Yang’s research (2006) which investigated some three thousand burglaries, found that burglaries are more likely to occur in properties located in mixed-use sites. Brantingham and Brantingham (2008:91) have discussed mixing land-users as supported by New Urbanism and commented â€Å"this planning practice will increase the activity in some nodes and is likely to produce a clustering of crime† CRIME PREVENTION Currently crime prevention is the primary function of the South African Police Service. The South African Police is mandated by the Police Act 68 of 1995 as well as section 205(3) of the constitution to combat crime, investigate crime, maintain public order, protect and secure South Africa’s inhabitants and their property; and to uphold and enforce the law. However the SAPS are not in a position to effectively combat crime on their own. The Government since 1994 recognised the need for crime prevention. This need saw the acceptance of the National Crime Prevention Strategy (NCPS) in 1996 and the White Paper on Safety and Security in 1998. The NCPS is a multi-agency approach to crime prevention and aimed to influence the operations of the Departments of Safety and Security, Justice, Correctional Services, Welfare, Intelligence, Health and Education. The NCPS document made mention of environmental design as one of its pillars (1996:67). To assist the NCPS and the White Paper on Safety and Security, a National Crime Prevention Strategy Centre (NCPSC) was established within the department of Safety and Security and their functions are to mobilise other government departments, to assist provincial and local government in preventing crime, to assist in co-ordinating and managing the prevention of certain crimes and to monitor the effectiveness of social crime prevention interventions. The White Paper on Safety and Security (South Africa 1998:14) places emphasis on two approaches to crime prevention, viz, crime prevention through effective criminal justice and, social crime prevention. The White Paper (1998:19) further states that social crime prevention can be categorized as follows, viz. developmental crime prevention, situational crime prevention, community crime prevention and continuous improvement to the integrated Justice System. A multi-departmental or multi-sectoral approach is thus needed, which involves all levels of government and includes relevant organisations of civil society (South Africa 1998:20) According to the Crime Prevention Module level 1 (2001:9) crime prevention emphasises community involvement and without community involvement, crime cannot be prevented effectively. To accomplish this Police have to form a partnership with other role players which include but not limited to, the community, private security companies, business Against Crime (BAC), media, non-Governmental Organisations (NGO’S), etc. Naude and Stevens (1998:48) argue that co-operation must be forged by means of guidance, meetings and interaction with businessmen, public and use of media to succeed in long preventative programme. The researcher supports the arguments of Naude and Stevens as this can filter through to the prevention of house robberies and housebreaking residential in the Westville policing precinct. Lab (1997:19) states that prevention activities should not be restricted to the efforts of the criminal justice system alone but should include that of the public and private organisations. According to Bennett and Wright (1984:19) situational crime prevention refers to any environmental community or individual based method which aims to increase the risk, decrease the reward or increase the difficulty of committing the crime. Brantingham and Faust (1976:284) offer three types of crime prevention approaches viz, primary crime prevention (the identification of those conditions in the physical and social environment that offer opportunities for criminal acts), secondary crime prevention, the early identification of offenders (the intervention before an offence is committed), tertiary crime prevention (this aims to deal with offenders with the purpose of preventing further criminal activities). Lab (1997:20) is of the opinion that primary crime prevention is to put measures in place with the aim of making crime less attractive and more difficult for the offenders to commit whilst secondary prevention focuses on problems that already exist and are fostering deviant behaviour. Lab (1997:23) states that tertiary prevention includes arrests, prosecutions, incarceration, treatment and rehabilitation.

Teaching Morality More Important than Sex Education in Public Schools E

     Ã‚  Ã‚   A controversy is rising in America about the nature of sex education in the nation's high schools.   Studies show that 81 percent of American adults support a joint program teaching abstinence and contraception as opposed to an abstinence-only program (Roper 0316946), and 79 percent support contraception education regardless of the level of sexual activity in teenagers (Roper 0340807). The sad fact is, contraception is society's attempt at a "quick fix" for a problem that runs far deeper than the issue of teen sex.   In the debate over the "best safe sex," educators and parents must consider not only the health issues, but must also reevaluate the morality of the nation's young people. Leafing through Planned Parenthood's literature on abortion, contraception, and teen sex, it becomes obvious that Planned Parenthood promotes contraception education, and opposes abstinence education:   "These 'abstinence-until-marriage' programs are an unrealistic attempt to reduce the incidence of teenage pregnancy by using a 'just say no' approach" ("Reducing Teenage Pregnancy").   A good portion of American teenagers agree, illustrated by the fact that 77 percent of women and 85 percent of men will have sexual intercourse before the age of twenty ("Teen Sex and Pregnancy").   They are encouraged to use contraception.   Interestingly, though, teenagers aren't given all the facts about contraception, as is illustrated by Josh McDowell and Bob Hostetler: Not too long ago, I attended a talk during "Safe Sex Week" at the school.   The speaker opened with a statement that sent a rumble of discomfort through the crowd:   "You've been brainwashed!"   When the students settled down, he continued.   "You've had an entire week of 'safe sex' indoctr... ...ssroom."   Time 18 Oct. 2013: n. pag.   Online.   Internet.   URL (4 Nov. 2014). "Normandy Junior Preaches Abstinence, Has High Hopes."   St. Louis Post-Dispatch.   11 Oct. 2011: North Post 5. Okite, Odhiambo.   "Fidelity Urged to Fight AIDS."   Christianity Today 12 July 2012: 22. "Reducing Teenage Pregnancy." Planned Parenthood.URL (21   Oct. 2014) Roper Center at University of Connecticut.   Poll. Accession number 0316946.   Question number 031.   10 May 2014. Roper Center at University of Connecticut.   Poll.   Accession number 0340807.   Question number 087. 19 July 2014. Sommers, Christina Hoff.   "Are We Living in a Moral Stone Age?"   Imprimis Mar. 2010: 1-4. "Teen Sex and Pregnancy."   Sept. 2013.   The Alan Guttmacher Institute. URL (22 Nov. 2014). Zulu, Mabvuto.   "Give Abstinence a Chance."   Times of Zambia 10 Aug. 2013: n. pag.   

Clean Energy

Fuel Cells and Clean Energy for the Future are a better alternative source of energy for our world, and a cheaper and cleaner way to live compared to the alternative, fossil fuels! Humans have been using fossil fuels to power industries, electric plants, vehicles, and home heating, for over a hundred years and have polluted our world and have killed off species of animals and charged inflated prices to get rich, not counting all of the taxes (Natural Resources Committee, 2013).It's time for newer cleaner and cheaper practical ideas to produce energy. Some of the alternative energy source ideas in this paper have been around for a surprising amount of time but due to greed from people who have got rich off from all the sales of fossil fuels, none of the practical ideas were ever implemented because of ridiculous excuses such as there too expensive to put in place. Some of the ideas aren't taxable, which I'm assuming would be one of the biggest reasons alternative energy ideas are not used by many people.Fuel cells are a great alternative energy source; there are numerous ideas such as wind generation, solar power, HHO enerators, geothermal, solar-chemical systems and Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion. All of these alternative energy sources will be discussed in depth, and all the pros and cons of each of them. Alternative energy sources and fuel cells will eventually be used because fossil fuels will eventually run out. 1% of the earth's surface is covered in water and the sun shines every day, almost all of the alternative energy sources use nature's abundance of natural resources and potential energy to produce energy, and the waste products are not harmful to the environment. Some f the alternative energy or fuel cell ideas are challenging to build, but that's how the world has become what it is today, everythings a challenge which makes it exciting. Where will we be in twenty years, and how will we power our planet, run our cars or heat our homes or produce el ectricity?There are two known ways of using the sun's rays to capture and use it to make energy. Typically we think of solar right away, but solar-chemical systems are being experimented with to try and capture and store the sun's energy to be able to use it on demand via chemical storage and the use of a atalyst to use the energy (MIT, 2010). A molecule of fulvalene diruthenium, was experimented with at MIT, it is able to capture the sun's energy almost like a rechargeable battery, the chemical can store it for later use and when the stored energy is used the molecule snaps back to its original state ready to be used again.The energy can be used as heat to boil water to turn a turbine to produce energy or use the heat to directly heat a home. These heat storing chemicals can store the and possibilities of ideas are endless. Based on this molecule, MIT is in search of ther molecules with the same properties that are in abundance and a lot cheaper. Ultimately this can be used as a so lar-thermal fuel, when the reaction takes place to let out the suns heat it can reach temperatures of 200 degrees Celsius.This heat could be used in a number of ways to produce energy, for example Just using the heat released could easily heat a home. The chemical used isn't readily available but they are still experimenting with different chemicals to find one with the same properties as fulvalene diruthenium. Solar power is energy harnessed from the un's rays, and is a renewable energy source. Panels are made from silicon which is a semiconductor when the sun's rays (photons) hit the solar panels electrons in the panel absorb the energy which transforms the electrons into conduction electrons (Clean Energy, 2012).The electrons then carry an electric charge to a place that stores that energy like a battery bank. Solar panels are put up in series and work together to harness the sun's rays to produce energy required for whatever it is you're trying to power. It takes quite a few qua lity high watt panels to power a small cabin. Solar power is clean and sun rays are free but the system isn't and to power a home or cabin these systems can cost $20,000 and up. The price of the systems is the reason most people don't have them or use them.To set up a solar system, there are also a lot of components to hook up and a lot of wiring. With a lot of these different systems you would have to have a charge controller and a battery bank to store the energy produced by the solar panels. Which battery banks are also very expensive and need to properly be wired in series whether it is a 24 volt or 12 volt system. Solar power also doesn't produce electricity all the time, at night and on cloudy days solar panels don't put out the peak wattage they are capable of.Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion or (OTEC) has been around for a long time. An OTEC plant is built in the ocean on a hurricane proof platform so workers are safe from the elements. The oceans waters store 1000 times more heat than the atmosphere. More than 300 times the earth's needs are in the solar power contained in the tropical ocean. The heat is distributed by Thermo hailing circulation, which is a combination of wind, emperature and the earth's rotation; it acts like a conveyer belt. An ocean thermo energy conversion plant would be strategically placed in the ocean.At the equator the surface of the ocean is hot and some depths reach 3000 feet deep which is cold water. So this is an ideal place to place the plant since it works by the temperature differences in the water. An OTEC system uses the surface water to boil a gas such as propane, because propane has a low boiling point (Britannica, 2013). So it is used to power a turbine which produces electricity. The hot water on the top boils the gas nd creates steam out of the liquid propane which powers power's the turbine. The propane goes through a condenser and is cooled by the deep water temperature.So the propane is not burned at all it's J ust used to turn the turbine, to turn the electric generator, as steam, and then it goes through the cooling process to return to liquid form. Depending on the size of the plant, these OTEC plants can produce endless amounts of power and the process does not pollute the atmosphere. The plants cost a lot of money to build, but it would easily pay itself off in a few different ways. The technical definition of Bio diesel is a fuel comprised of mono alkyl esters of long has been around as long as diesel engines, but hasn't been in demand until recently.The way bio diesel is produced is through a process called transesterification, by altering the chemical properties of the oil with methanol. It is produced from renewable domestic resources which are not as harmful to the environment as petroleum fuels. It is also nontoxic and biodegradable. These kinds of fuels can be used in endless real world applications to produce energy. Commercial and esidential diesel generators can be ran with these fuels to produce energy without any modifications to the engine.Bio diesel also can be used with diesel vehicles that let off bad emission, and are worse for the ozone layer and affect global warming. Tractor trailers drive cross country daily to supply our nation with foods and products, by using bio diesel they could lower tail pipe emissions by 41%. These fuels can power diesel generators that could easily power a house or business. With some modifications to lower noise levels it could be a feasible and fairly cheap and clean ay to live and also get rid of a power bill. The only real problem with bio diesels is it could increase nitrogen oxide emissions.That problem can be overcome by a process called blending, which 20% bio diesel is blended with 5% diesel to get the best of both and get rid of the worst. Fuel cells of the near or distant future will be like batteries in a typical house hold item such as a flashlight. A fuel cell is something that uses a source of fuel li ke Hydrogen and an oxidant to electrochemically make electricity (National Geographic, 2013). Fuel cells could power our vehicles, houses, nd be portable so electricity can be brought where it would be required. Unlike batteries, fuel cells won't stop producing electricity as long as fuel is provided to it.Fuel cells are better for our atmosphere, they don't produce as many harmful green house gases and they don't produce any of the air pollutants that create health problems or smog. Once in production and fuel cells are able to compete with the fossil fuel industries, eventually they would be a lot cheaper than our typical sources of energy. Every fuel cell has two electrodes one negative and a positive one; they are called the anode and cathode. Electricity is produced at the electrodes. They also have an electrolyte which carries charged particles from one electrode to the other.There is also a catalyst that is introduced between the electrodes that speed up the reaction at the e lectrodes to produce more electricity at a faster rate. Another alternative energy source or fuel for everything we need fuel to power is water, the most abundant natural resource on the planet. Hydrogen fuel cells or hydrogen generators are being experimented with everyday. Water is made up of hydrogen and oxygen molecules, so to make it a combustible fuel, the hydrogen olecules need to be separated from the oxygen molecules. To accomplish this to produce hydrogen as a fuel is fairly easy.First a cell is made out of stainless steel with a positive and negative lead, separated by 1. 5mm for optimum hydrogen production. A common cell is 7 stainless plates which two of the plates on the outside are positive and negative and the rest of the sandwiched plates are neutral plates which help keep the cell run at cooler temperatures. The cell is then put into a housing unit with distilled water and an electrolyte; with a 12 volt source hooked up o the positive lead and a ground hooked up to the negative lead. Bubbles will start to form, which are hydrogen molecules breaking free from the oxygen molecules. ousing of the generator and into a bubbler to make sure the hydrogen is clean. From the bubbler the hydrogen can be pumped into a tank and then into an engine or directly into an engine. The waste ends up producing water, which isn't good for regular metal exhausts and will rust them out, but a stainless exhaust can replace it with no further worries. Catalytic converters on cars today turn some of the missions into water and eventually rust exhausts anyway. Some vehicles need more fuel than others, such as a tractor trailer VS a Prius (USA Today 2013).A hydrogen generator would have to be made specifically for the engine it's going to run. Alternative energy such as wind, solar, and geothermal energy sources will be a more efficient way of sustaining energy needed by humans. A wind turbine creates energy by the wind, which is potential energy sitting there where eve r located, Just waiting for a gust of wind to produce energy. Solar energy is readily available to us all but is ery expensive to set up. Geothermal energy is also readily available to us and is a clean source of energy but is also a very expensive set up. In the future prices will come down.So the companies making products for solar energy and geothermal energy can better compete on the energy market. By using alternative energy sources and fuel cells our planet could be a cleaner more efficient planet (Clean Energy, 2012). Fuel cells and alternative energy sources are a lot more efficient than the use of fossil fuels. There are a variety of different fuel cells and alternative energy ources in production right know, experimenting with different fuels and energy sources could potentially make more of a variety of efficient fuels and alternative energy combinations. Conclusion alternative, fossil fuels!There are numerous possibilities of alternative energy source ideas to power the world. The previous paragraphs talked about seven different alternative energy sources that could work to power our planet, without pollution and environmental wastes. These alternative energy sources use natural resources to produce energy, which seems to be the most responsible way to power our world. MIT's experiments with the molecule fulvalene diruthenium, is an exceptional idea. To be able to have the power of the suns energy stored in a molecule, and to be able to use it on demand is an amazing feat.Solar power is another alternative energy source that harnesses the suns power to create energy, which also doesn't pollute our world, and is a renewable energy source. Both solar and chemical solar systems use sunlight to produce energy which is in abundance and don't produce waste products. The use of water to produce power is another alternative energy source or fuel that uses nature's natural resources. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion technology is not new. In 1881, Jacques Ar sene d'Arsonval, a French physicist, proposed tapping the thermal energy of the ocean.But it was d'Arsonval's student, Georges Claude, who in 1930 built the first OTEC plant in Cuba (U. S. Department of Energy (2013). OTEC can be used today to supply the world with energy with no pollution or waste, the first plant built produced 22 Kilowatts, which is enough to power a house or two but not enough to power a country. If the plants were made bigger with new technology and a fleet of these plants were built, ells and HHO generators are another alternative energy source that uses nature's natural resources.HHO generators use's water to produce energy or fuel, water covers 71% of the earth's surface so why not experiment with it as a fuel or energy source? The water used in some of the systems can be recycled so there is no waste or pollution. Fuel cells use hydrogen and an oxidant to produce electricity. HHO generators produce hydrogen as a fuel, which in combination could produce powe r as a fuel and electricity. These two alternative energy sources could be used on all ehicles in the country and cut out emissions as a whole.This would dramatically help our environment in a short period of time, probably enough to offset Chinas pollution and waste it produces. These alternative energy sources are Just a few of hundreds of ideas, new and old that are realistic energy sources to power our country or planet. It would take years to implement some of the ideas but some could be produced and ready to use immediately. I have personally made wind turbines and I am currently building an HHO generator and I'm also building a self-running generator that runs on nothing but the energy it produces.IVe experimented with all of these on a small scale and they worked great. So If you would like to make a difference and help clean up our planet and stop polluting and save a few dollars, start inventing or look at the history of alternative energy sources and build off someone els e's ideas. If you're not into building things yourself, do some research on the alternative energy source of your choice and buy it. There are a lot of websites that sell wind turbines, solar panels, HHO generators and boosters, some systems are a lot of money but most are obtainable by the average American.

Pharmasim Preliminary Market Strategy Essay

Allstar Brands’ over-the-counter cold and allergy remedy Allround will continue to be the market leader among OTC cold medicines and continue to increase its stock price over the next decade in order to remain not only competitive, but the premier stock choice among competitors in the OTC cold and allergy remedy market. To further grow the Allround product it is essential to build upon the current strengths of the brand, but also seek additional areas for opportunity and growth. These goals will be accomplished by evaluating competitors entering the OTC cold and allergy remedy market and through careful planning and execution to enhance our current product to meet the desires and needs of consumers. Allstar Brands’ Allround product holds a strong position in the over-the-counter cold and allergy remedy market by being the market share leader, but there is no guarantee this trend will continue. Allround recognizes the need to continue to diversify and reformulate its current product line in order to remain competitive in light of an influx of competition. Allround competes in one of four product categories in the OTC market with no emphasis in the cough, allergy, or nasal categories. We will be better enabled to meet the desires and needs wanted most by consumers by enhancing the current Allround product line. Allstar Brands’ Allround product has been a profitable brand with manufacturer sales of over $355 million in its most recent period. To further increase sales it is crucial to ensure the Allround brand is being sought by all consumers in the OTC cold and allergy remedy market. Recent surveys show the Allround brand did not receive the best shelf space placement and this is a great concern to the future of the brand. It is important Allround reallocates its resources appropriately to maximize the efficiency of our channels of distribution in order to promote our brand to its fullest potential. Allround’s brand effectiveness and high recognition have allowed it to be among the price leaders in the OTC cold and allergy remedy market. This current trend is a great concern to the management team at the OCM group of Allstar Brands. In order to remain competitive Allround must closely monitor all pricing aspects associated with manufacturing and selling the brand. To ensure Allround can maintain a price leadership role in the market it must continually adjust its pricing tactics to better suit its consumers in periods of growth and decline. Allround’s success depends on the consumers who buy its product. To ensure consumers are purchasing our product Allround must offer the greatest value. By promoting our product to the appropriate demographics we can develop more sales and grow our customer base. Allround brand recognizes the need to promote its product through all types of mediums including coupons, point-of-purchase vehicles, and trial-size packages in order to maintain customer loyalty. If Allstar Brands is able to understand its customers on a more intimate basis then it can better provide for desires and needs sought by those purchasing medicine in the OTC cold and allergy remedy market. Situation Analysis The following is a situational analysis of all pertinent aspects of the current state of the market and of the Allround product. Using the â€Å"5 Cs† we have developed an overview of the current situation and hope to present it in a clear and concise manner. This covers the current external factors, major competitor factors, projected customer’s information, fellow distributor’s and retailer’s factors, and current company outlook. -Context: External factors -Collaborators: Who are we using to promote our product, and how do we motivate them? WhoWhyMotivate PharmacistsCustomers value and trust the opinions of pharmacistsMarket that boosting the sales of Allround will also boost drugstores sales Chain DrugstoresStatisticaly a high volume of sales come from thesePromoting this product will boost sales and garner more customers for both Allround and the drugstore Grocery StoresStatisticaly a high volume of sales come from theseConvince that this is the best OTC cold medicine and that stocking this will increase store sales DoctorsDoctors could recommend product to patientsDistribute samples to local doctors to encourage recommendations to patients -Company: Goal? Strengths and weaknesses? GoalsMetricsStrengthsWeaknesses Increase Stock Price10% increase per yearBrand awareness, market share, product quality, high potential growthUnacceptable budget allocation Increase Company Net Income10% increase per yearHigh income, high price, brand awarenessWeak portfolio Increase Company Annual Net Income~$74MBrand awareness, company growth, inelastic pricingSales coverage, Unused R&D capacity Increase Company Utilization~93%#1 product in market, new product line and reformulation optionsAlcohol additive in current formula, budget Increase Shelf Space Rank#1 product in retailBrand awarenessSales coverage and promotion, diluted advertising plan, budget constraints Target Market: The Allround initial marketing plan will be focused on four core groups. The four groups include empty nesters, mature families, singles, and retirees. The main marketing focus will be on singles and empty nesters, as those are our core customers. Singles and empty nesters is Allround’s primary demographic. These 2 groups are the perfect candidates due to their age. Young singles are defined as young adults living alone; Allround was made for fast relief for adults. Young singles, being largely independent, require fast and effective relief from cold symptoms. Empty nesters are classified as older people whose households are now empty. Mature families are also a large group of interest. Mature families usually have older children and are less cautious of the side effects on a teen. The parents of the household are also usually middle aged and still in the workforce, this is a perfect demographic for a fast relief cold medicine. Retired is an important, but already established, market for Allround. Due to this fact the company should focus less advertising on retirees. People past the point of retirement have already been largely exposed to the product. The chance of acquiring new customers from this demographic is low, and the advertising opportunity is past its prime. The marketing team has decided against advertising to young families, at least for the moment. Young families are especially concerned with side effects of medicine. Many families with young children won’t be as interested in adult cold medicines. Therefore, advertising efforts should be focused elsewhere. Allround should look into developing a child’s cold medicine in the future; bundle that with the original formula and market it to young families. Recommendations: Our recommendations are focused on the initial four major company expressed at the beginning of this report. First we will discuss how to improve our product, and by extension customer satisfaction, as well as possible new product lines. Second, we will focus on product placement and improving distribution channels. Third, we discuss possible pricing options and contingencies. Finally, promotion plans and increasing our circulation through major markets. The Allround product is a well recommended and widely trusted OTC cold and allergy medication. To maintain this image we need to further show our customers that we are listening. A major issue with current customers is the alcohol content, and resulting side effects, of the current Allround formula. To improve Allround’s image even further we must reformulate the current product to rid it of alcohol while still maintaining its effectiveness. Customers have also expressed interest in chest decongestant; by again reformulating the product we can add expectorant to further the overall quality of cold symptom relief. A final possibility would be to explore new product line options, such as an improved Allround product or a child’s cold medicine, to diversify the company and reach more markets. Allround has a very high shelf stock, however due to a large number of new competitors this number is decreasing. The first recommendation regarding placement of the product would be to increase the number of detailers to increase support of wholesalers and merchandisers; it is recommended that the number of initial detailers be at least doubled. Secondly, support must be shown for independent drugstores, therefore it is advised that the company allocate more of its sales force to that resource. Finally, more advertising and trial promotions need to be focused on chain drugstores and grocery stores. Allround has consistently been one of the higher priced OTC cold and allergy medicines, justified by its proven quality. Price is more mercurial than other factors in marketing; pricing must be determined on a yearly basis. Inflation rate and marketing forecast must be closely monitored to determine the companie’s actions regarding price. If the market outlook is favorable then price increase should match that of inflation rate; if the market outlook is not favorable the price increase must stay below inflation rate. Following this plan should ensure sales will follow a steady or upward trend, minimizing loss. Allround tries, and largely succeeds, at being a household name. To ensure this stays true promotion must be increased to compete with the influx of competition into the market, to do this we go back to reformulating the product. Due to Allrounds alcohol content, and subsequent side effects, doctors are more apt to recommend competitors with alcohol-free products. Removing the alcohol content would go great lengths in increasing doctor and pharmacist recommendations. More focus needs to be placed on trial promotions, while couponing should stay the same for the base product. Promotion funds need to be more targeted toward our major retailers, chain drug stores and grocery stores, as these largely use circulars and other promotional strategies.

English Pronunciation Exercises - U Sounding Vowels

English Pronunciation Exercises - U Sounding Vowels The following series of pronunciation exercises combines words beginning with the same consonant sound followed by similar vowel sounds. Voiced and voiceless consonants are paired (b - voiced / p - voiceless, d - voiced / t - voiceless, etc.) to help students compare and contrast similar consonant formation.   Repeat each line slowly, listen for the minor differences between the vowel and consonant sounds.Repeat each line three times. Each time repeat more quickly trying to keep the sounds distinct.Find a partner and listen to each other repeat the lines.Try to invent sentences using each sound at least once. For example, The butcher put on his boots but he forgot his hat.   Dont worry too much about the sentence making much sense! long uh as in put short uh as in up oo as in shoe butcher but boot put pup poof! duh duck do Tokay tough tooth good gulp Google cook cup cool soot supper suit Zeus Wazup? zoom shook shut shoot jut jump June churn Chuck choose hook hub who Sentences to Practice with Minimal U Sounds B - The butcher wanted to cook, but he forgot to wear the right boots. P - My teacher put the pup into the magic circle and it went poof! D - Duh! I shouldnt have let the duck do the dishes this evening. T - If you think the Tokay was OK, youll find the Chardonnay tough on the tooth. G - Just gulp your beer, and youll be good enough to Google the answers on the quiz. C - The wonderful cook cooled the cup of tomato soup before he served it.   S - The man walked in and shook the soot off of his suit before he sat to supper.   Z - Zeus said wazup to Thor as he zoomed through the Greek heavens.   SH - The boy wanted to shoot the kid who had shook him and told him to shut up. J - He jut his chin out and jumped into the air on a beautiful day in June. CH - Chuck told the students that they should choose carefully, and not churn through the mess. H - Janes mom, who was the hub of gossip in town, hooked everyone into something.    Vowel Sounds eh - as in let, ih - as in hit, ee - as in see, and ae- as in catlong ah - as in car, short ah - as in gotlong uh - as in put, short uh - as in up, oo - as in through Diphthong Sounds ay - as in day, ai - as in skyou - as in home, ow - as in mouse, oi - as in boyieh(r) - as in near, ehi(r) - as in hair

The Crimean War essays

The Crimean War essays The outbreak of war in Europe in 1854, the Crimean War, broke up the cooperation Europe, led by four powers-Russia, Britain, Austria, and Prussia-tried to maintain, solidify, and improve after the Napoleonic Wars. Even worse, into two separate hostile groups: mainly the west with France and Britain, and the east with Russia. French attempt to break up the alliance in order for them to enter the stage of European great powers to influence the order once again kept tangling the relationship between the powers. Mutual fear, not mutual aggression, caused the Crimean war; the west of the Russian power in east and central Europe which were as big as Russian fear of the western powers that seemed to threaten her security in Black Sea. The Crimean war fundamentally altered the pattern of great-power relations and made territorial revision in Europe possible, which had been long complained by many states after the Vienna treaty in 1815. q 1814-1815-Polish-Saxon question: Russia wants the whole Poland and to compensate Prussia with Saxony. 1840 ¡Ã‚ ¯s-support Turks against Egypt so that whenever Turkish Empire find itself totally destroyed, Russia can swallow them-Russia strive for expansion in central Europe and threaten the powers in Western Europe. q The fever of revolution sweeps Europe in 1820 ¡Ã‚ ¯s and 1830 ¡Ã‚ ¯s. French and British supported the idea of revolution and liberalism. Troppau protocol-1820-three eastern powers, Austria, Russia, Prussia-view the suppression of revolution as essential to its survival. Austria however, has its own interest in Greek rebellion against ottoman Turkish empire and tried to manipulate Russia into suppressing revolution in Italy, but support the Greek rebellion. Austrian inconsistency. q 1829-adrianople-russia acquired territory in Asia and at the mouth of the Danube and, even more important, extensive rights of protectorate over the danubian principalities. European security in danger-1830 ¡Ã‚ ¯s-revol...

How to Stop Running Out of Time on ACT Reading

How to Stop Running Out of Time on ACT Reading SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Running out of time on any test is extremely frustrating.For me, it’s always a fight between my anxiety arising from racing the clock and the feeling of "if only I had more time, I could do better!" (spoiler: no matter which feeling wins, I lose). It’s even worse on tests like the SAT and ACT because they’re so lengthy:if you run out of time on a section, you don't get the relief of "Well, at least I'm done with the test" because you have to move right on to the next section. Since you can’t actually stretch out time (probably?) and, except under special circumstances, can’t get extra time, you'll need another solution to help you avoid running out of time on the ACT. So what strategies can you use? I’ll discuss the top misconception students have about running out of time on the ACT Reading section and give you strategies to avoid running out of time. First, however, I want to do a quick run-through of the timing for ACT Reading- after all, to stop running out of time on it, you must first know its basic layout. We have an in-depth explanation of this in another article, but in case you don't have time to read it, I've written up a summary below. Feature Image:William Warby/Flickr How Long Is the ACT Reading Section? The ACT Reading section is the third section of the ACT and consists of 40 questions on passages in four subject areas (humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, literary fiction). In total, you'll have 35 minutes for the section. Usually, there's just one long passage per subject, but on occasion there will be a couple of shorter passages with questions that ask you to compare things across passages. We have more on what's actually tested in ACT Reading in this article. ACT Reading questions come in five main varieties: Main idea:What’s the main point or theme of the passage? Detail: Given specific information from the text, explain the meaning and/or function. Development: In what order are ideas arranged in the passage? Vocabulary: As used in the passage, what does a word or phrase mean? Implied Ideas: From what's written in the passage, what can you infer about the author or subject? Voice: What is the tone or style of the author? (subset of inference questions) Find out more from our detailed guide on the best approach to take when reading ACT passages. A Big Misconception: Reading Fast = High ACT Reading Score Excelling on the ACT Reading section is not just about reading speed- otherwise, it'd be called the ACT Reading Race (or something like that). If you read a lot, or read quickly, that might give you a little bit of an edge. But reading fast inno way guarantees that you'll excel on ACT Reading or that you won’t feel rushed. If you’re a slow reader, you might be thinking, "Yeah, right. I’m already starting from behind since I'm a slow reader. There's no way I'll be able to finish the ACT Reading section." False. I will illustrate just how false this is with a case study ... of myself. I've always read pretty quickly and voraciously. In high school, I started keeping track of the books I was finishing because I was a huge nerd and wanted statistics. I found that I was completing about one book every three days. When I took a timed ACT practice test recently, however, I found that I felt really pressed for time. My first response: "Wait, what? I'm never, ever strapped fortime when it comes to reading (unless there's somewhere I have to be and I just want to finish one last page ... chapter ... book ... oops)." So what the heck was going on? Why did I feel as if I was running out of time, even though I read quickly? The Main Issue: I Didn’t Prepare for the ACT Clearly, the issue was not that I don't read enough. What was actually lacking was experience with the ACT Reading section.For example, I didn’t know that there were 10 questions for each of the four passages. I didn't realize that there were only four passages, and I wasn't familiar with all the question types. I also didn’t keep track of time as I was going through the test until the very end when I realized, "Ahhhh! I have five minutes left! How did this happen?!" And so on. In reality, the key to doing well on ACT Reading is to be able to skim text while also retaining meaning.If you're a slow reader, you can learn to effectively skim with practice. But if you're a fast reader, you must be aware that ACT Reading is much denser than your average novel; you'll need to practice to be able to extract important information from the ACT passages. The Solution: Practice, Practice, Practice It’s not just the way to get to Carnegie Hall (as the old music joke goes)- practice will get you places with test prep as well. But just doing some desultory, half-hearted practice isn't enough. You must practice and study effectively. When studying for ACT Reading, there are three main areas you'll need to focus on to get better at finishing the section in time. We'll cover those next. Tip 1: Practice Monitoring Your Time The first skill to practice is keeping track of your time. Read on to learn exactly how to do this. Know How Long You're Taking on Each Question If you find you’re taking too much time on a single question, mark it and come back to it when you're reviewing your answers later. But what is "too much time"? The answer to this depends on your target score and/or on the score you're aiming for on a particular section.Therefore, when preparing for the ACT Reading section, you must know your raw and scaled target scores. Why does this matter?If you’re aiming for a lower target score, you can skip more questions and spend more time on the questions you do know how to answer. Remember, the ACT Reading section contains 40 questions that you have to answer in 35 minutes: if you’re spending more than a minute on a question, you’re going to run into problems. The 52-ish seconds-per-question time limit only applies, however, if you're aiming for a perfect or near-perfect score and need to give every question a fair shot. If you're aiming for a 25, on the other hand, you can guess on the hardest 10-12 Reading questions and focus your energies on easier questions (though of course which questions are easier depends on the person). This also means you'll get more time to spend on these questions.If you only need to answer 28 questions correctly to reach your target score, you can spend up to 23 seconds more per question (28 questions in 35 minutes vs 40 questions in 35 minutes ... and you thought there wouldn't be math in this article). Know How Much Time You Have Left While You're Taking the Test This doesn’t necessarily mean dividing up the time beforehand, as in, "OK, I have 35 minutes and four passages, so I should take eight minutes on each passage and answers the first time through. Then I’ll have eight minutes to go over everything at the end." Even typing that made my head hurt, and doing those calculations in the moment will take up way too much time. Instead, get used to keeping an eye on the clock. I personally try to check the time only after I have finished skimming a passage and have answered all the questions for that passage (even though my initial instinct is to constantly check the time). You'll need to figure out what works best for you, but my general advice is to avoid checking the time more than once every few questions- otherwise, you'll end up wasting time trying to save time. If you find you have no grasp of the passage of time when you’re practicing answering questions, trypracticing with a stopwatch set to go off in five- or seven-minute increments. Just remember that you won’t actually be able to do this on test day (that said, the test proctors might give verbal warnings when there are 10 and five minutes left). Learn Time-Monitoring Strategies When looking over the ACT Reading section, mark questions you end up spending a long time on as well as the ones you’re not sure about. Really break down what stumped you about the questions you spent too much time on and the ones you got wrong or were uncertain about. Was it the wording of the question? The type of question? Were you just tired and misread the passage, so you didn't see the answer? Is there a pattern to the ACT Reading questions you're running out of time on? All this data is valuable fodder for your test-prep process, which is toestablish a feedback loop of testing, reviewing your mistakes, and testing again.Be aware that it is essential not to skip over the middle step of reviewing your mistakes thoroughly. Not sure whether running out of time is your only issue? Then read the section on understanding your high-level weaknesses in this article. Mike Schinkel/Flickr Tip 2: Practice Reading Passages and Answering Questions Practicing the ACT Reading questions over and over won’t necessarily make you a faster reader. It will, however, make you better at reading the passages in a way that will help you answer the questions more efficiently.What do I mean by this? I can't dictate the best way for you to read the passages, but if your current approach isn't working, you might want to consider switching it up. The Three Main Methods for Attacking ACT Reading Passages Here are the three primary options you have for approaching ACT Reading passages: Read the whole passage in detail:This is really only a good strategy if you're both thorough and quick as a reader- it's probably the worst option if you're already worried about running out of time. Read the questions first:Figure out what details you need to look for in the passage by reading the questions first; you'll then jump back to the passage to find these details. This method can be disorienting for some people, but for others it really saves on time. Skim the passage, then attack the questions:Get a sense of the content, structure, and purpose of the passage before approaching the questions, and then return to the passage for more detailed information required by specific questions. The more familiar you are with the ACT Reading passages and questions, the more familiar you'll become with the test and the better you’ll know what to pay attention to and when to use which strategy. For instance, if you read the questions before reading the passageand run into a question that has specific lines associated with it (e.g., "In lines 12-42"), you'll know that you must read only those specific lines in order to answer it. Alternatively, if you skim the passage before you answer the questions, you should get used to noticing transition words/phrases such as "however" and "in contrast." These words are important in that they indicate a change in tone. Here's an example: "While some scientists still adhere to the cold-blooded dinosaur hypothesis, recent research has convinced many more others that a likelier hypothesis is ..." We have more strategies, as well as more detailed information on why you might want to choose one approach over the others, in our article on the best way to approach the passages on the ACT Reading section. More ACT Reading Strategies Which passage you read can make a big difference if you tend to run out of time on ACT Reading. If you’re more comfortable with certain subject matter, such as prose fiction,start with those passages and questions rather than going through the section in order.Not only will you be able to pick up some easy points by answering questions you're more likely to get correct, but you'll also be more relaxed when you get to the passages that are more difficult for you since you won't have had to struggle right off the bat. Another strategy is tobubble in all your answers at the end(read more about this in the Quick Tip section of our perfect scorer article). This strategy is only helpful, however, if you can make sure to leave a good four to five minutes at the end of the section to do this,since you don’t want to run out of time before you bubble in answers you got (the ultimate in frustrating). If you can think of other ways to keep yourself from running out of time on ACT Reading (perhaps by using some mindfulness techniques to focus?), that's great. More important than using any one strategy is to use the strategies that work for you. ACT Reading strategies: less complicated than chess strategies (MarkRattapong/Flickr) Tip 3: Practice Taking ACT Reading as Part of the Whole ACT There’s knowing the material ... and then there’s having the stamina to get through it. Luckily, the ACT never varies the order in which material is presented,which gives you an advantage when prepping: you can emulate test-day conditions when you take practice tests by taking everything in the right order. Just like you wouldn’t practice for a triathlon by only doing each activity separately and never doing them all together, or wouldn’t only rehearse a play with scenes out of sequence before opening night, you need to take the ACT Reading section in sequence with the rest of the ACT at least a few times before test day. On the other hand, because ACT Reading is always the third section of the ACT, your brain will probably be tired by the time you get to it.What's more, even after you finish the Reading section, you'll still have one more section to go (the Science section). For me, this really became a factor since my brain got fatigued from focusing on one subject for an extended period of time. But for other people I know, the old SAT's format that switched back and forth from subject to subject was far more difficult (making the ACT a comparatively better choice). Now, though, both the ACT and SAT use a similar format in which the sections always appear in the same order. Another point to keep in mind is that you’ll most likely be taking the ACT on a Saturday morning, so if you’re not a morning person, be sure to do some practice Reading sections in the morning to give yourself a good idea of what your energy levels will be like on the actual test. If you’re more sluggish in the mornings, your reading speed will probably be affected as well; taking practice tests in the afternoon might not give you an accurate picture of how quickly you can do the ACT Reading section under real test conditions. Special Circumstances: ACT Timing Accommodations If you really have trouble with reading in time-constrained situations, you might qualify for special testing accommodations. It's unlikely that prepping for and taking the ACT would be the first time you notice you have major problems with reading;however, it could be the first time you wouldn't be able to compensate for it in other ways (e.g., spending hours and hours on homework and extra credit to make up for low test scores). The ACT does offer accommodations for eligible students who have documented issues, along with information on the steps students must take in order to get accommodations on testing day. But a word of warning: accommodations are far more likely to be granted if students' special circumstances have been documented for a long period of time.ACT, Inc. tends to be leery of students who get diagnosed with something just in time to take the test- they might be stretching the truth in order to get extra time. So how can you avoid getting caught in red tape and having your accommodations held up? Plan and apply for special accommodations earlyif possible- the request process alone can take a while. If you're in middle school or early high school and are having serious problems with reading when compared with your peers, get psycho-educational testing then rather than waiting until it's time to register for the ACT. If, for whatever reason, applying for special accommodations early isn't possible (for instance, if you only recently acquired a hearing or visual impairment), make sure it's clear to the person documenting your condition (the person who will provide you with the information to send to ACT, Inc.) why you are only doing something about this now.They might want you to explain this to them, too, so it’s good to have an explanation ready. How to Save Time on ACT Reading: Recap ACT Reading can be a tricky section for many test takers, but it's definitely possible to save time on it if you know how to prep effectively for it and what strategies to use on test day. To recap, here are our three tips to keep in mind as you study for ACT Reading: Take timed ACT practice tests and monitor your time on the Reading section Get comfortable with answering ACT Reading questions so you can use all strategies effectively Take entire practice tests in sequence at least a few times before test day so you know what to expect If you think there’s a bigger problemcausing you to run out of time on ACT Reading, get psycho-educational testing as early as possible to confirm your condition and to see whether you are eligible for special timing accommodations on the ACT. Now, go forth and read! What’s Next? How do you figure out what’s causing you problems on ACT Reading? Read our detailed post on what's actually tested on the Reading section, our article that covers the best ways to read the passages on ACT Reading, and our ultimate guide to ACT Reading. How long is the ACT overall? Get more tips on ACT timing with our guide. For more tips on how to master the ACT,read our complete guide by PrepScholar's resident perfect scorer. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep classes. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our classes are entirely online, and they're taught by ACT experts. If you liked this article, you'll love our classes. Along with expert-led classes, you'll get personalized homework with thousands of practice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step, custom program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Try it risk-free today:

Information Systems Project ,, application design Coursework

Information Systems Project ,, application design - Coursework Example Following these needs, it is paramount that businesses and non-business establishments to develop technical solutions aimed at meeting customer needs at all times. Hence, this is a research proposal which seeks to authenticate the validity of developing web-based mobile application whose purpose is to ensure customers are able to follow up events that matter to them such as the schedule of favorite movie at the cinema, where to buy tickets for major sporting events, and finding business establishments such as supermarkets, medical facilities, and grocery stores through the use of an integrated map and navigation tools. The need for faster service delivery is a universal business consideration that take into account the need for better time management. Based on this need, a proposal for the development of a website that intends to serve specific customer requirements such as navigating through busy streets to access services such as therapists, dentists, restaurants, and restaurant menus developed to facilitate better time management and self-efficiency for customers from all around the City of Riyadh. The functionality of the website, which will have the potential of being ported into a mobile application will take into consideration the aspect of navigation through real-time city maps showing categories of establishments meeting a customer’s needs. The project’s aim will be to integrate the concept of shared local experience targeting Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, customers such that business establishments and the customers are connected through a virtual network facilitating better time management, flawless navigation through busy city streets, accounting for clicks per page for businesses that will integrate their services and product offers to the proposed website and subsequent mobile application. The mobile application development will take into consideration the most popular mobile operating systems

The Self and Nature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Self and Nature - Essay Example As a result, it has led to the destruction of nature which has severe impacts on the persons. A good example is the case of global warming. In the previous years, people had not exploited nature and thus such problems were not in existence. Due to the increased population and the greed of persons, more and more harm on nature has been conducted. Despite this, there are various persons who have great interest in the conservation of nature. This has been facilitated by various communities to their capacity. Thus persons should take community into consideration while undertaking their duties. Currently, Wildlife has been replaced by persons who deforest land and use it for irrigation and thus use chemicals which have negative effects on animals and air. There are various nature resources that have become extinct due to the exploitation. It is evident that recovering destroyed nature back to its original features after destruction is mostly impossible and if possible, takes a lot of time and resources. This is evident in the various efforts employed by the Chinese government in trying to provide water to its large population. Despite it constructing some of the world’s largest dams and canal, it has been of great cost which would not have been incurred if nature was put in front of self-interest. As a result it is very necessary to ensure that it is well conserved because it will be of help not only to the current generation but for generations to come. The community plays a significant role in addressing various issues such as nature and self. This is mainly because many members of a community share common interests and thus could have influence on its members with differing opinions. As a result, they play a significant role in educating people about self and nature (Orr 134). Proper understanding of nature is very essential in ensuring that members of a community make proper judgment in regard to nature. For example, there are various organisms that survi ve in extreme conditions. Any alterations in environment render their existence hard. Due to increased world population, nature has been left at risk from exploitation. As a result, various institutions have devised methods to try and control reproduction rate. In most cases, people are only considerate about short term benefits reaped from an activity contrally to the interests of communities which are mostly long term. This has posed even threat to some of the most valuable natural resources such as water and food. Thus proper understanding of self and nature is necessary for people to know whatever fits them most. Currently most persons from developing countries are self-centered with nature coming as a last consideration in their undertaking. It is evident that such people have been moving to the west and as such could have an impact on them. Most of these natural resources exploited are limited in their supply. As a result, massive extraction could only be beneficial to persons only for a short period of time but have adverse effects in the long run (Ridley 157). Despite the challenges faced by nature, it is not completely exploited. As a result, combined efforts by communities, governments, private sectors and science and technology will be of great help in its conservation. Currently, various non-governmental organizations have been in the forefront of ensuring that no

Descartes and Darwin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Descartes and Darwin - Essay Example Secondly, the paper will explore how history and modern science has added more weight to the views of Darwin which suggests that this view may be more ‘correct’ in its nature. The Debate on Human Nature One of the most well-known parts of Descartes’ philosophical views is the concept that to be human is to be composed of two incompatible pieces; the body and the soul. The body is full of the natural processes, whilst the soul contains all the information that we need to be ourselves, including all of our decision-making faculties and our personalities (Descartes, 2006). These two components, perhaps communicating through the pineal gland, are thoroughly different in composition and matter. Descartes would argue that human nature is partially comprised of the soul which cannot be explained by science and therefore there are elements of ourselves that science cannot explain. Descartes did, however, suggest that â€Å"the mind depends so much on temperament and the disposition of one's bodily organs that, if it is possible to find a way to make people generally more wise and more skilful than they have been in the past, I believe that we should look for it in medicine† (Descartes, 2006, p45), meaning that there are some elements of human nature which should look to science for explanation. Charles Darwin had very different ideas. Often known as the father of evolution, Darwin explored a great number of scientific concepts pertaining to human and animal behavior, often finding that these two concepts were linked and very similar. This view can be illustrated from Darwin’s words that â€Å"it has often and confidently been asserted, that man's origin can never be known: but ignorance more frequently begets confidence than does knowledge: it is those who know little, and not those who know much, who so positively assert that this or that problem will never be solved by science† (Darwin, 1871, p4). This just shows Darwinâ€℠¢s faith in science, and the power of science to explain even the inexplicable. Human nature is no exception from this rule, and as Darwin suggests, â€Å"there is no fundamental difference between man and the higher animals in their mental faculties† (Darwin, 1971, p34). Having studied a number of animal behaviors throughout his career, it is obvious that Darwin had more interaction with different creatures and therefore more information to draw his strong conclusion about human nature from. As the father of evolution, it is obvious that Darwin will favor an evolutionary perspective of human nature, one that suggests that all elements of our behavior and other aspects of being a human can be explained by science. Although there were some gaps in the evidence Darwin provided for this hypothesis, these have been slowly filled since the publication of The Descent of Man and are continually being updated as time goes on. It is perhaps the fact that Darwin’s work fits so n eatly with modern science which makes it the more appealing hypothesis, as explained further below. These views are evidently at odds with each other. Although Descartes does alert the reader to the importance of science and medicine, it is evident from Discourse on the Method that there are some things that Descartes feels are inexplicable. This may seem like a feasible resolution to come to, as human nature and personalities appear to be extremely complicated and different from those of other

Queensland Principles of Criminal Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Queensland Principles of Criminal Law - Essay Example The law provides that under subsection (1) (a), it is immaterial whether the offender did not intend to hurt the particular person who is killed. In the case at bar, there is a clear showing that Brain had the intention to cause injury by physical attacking Jonas and later on pushing him to the river, which is aggravated by the fact that he had personal knowledge that Brian doesn’t know how to swim and that he will die from drowning. Therefore, Brian cannot interpose the defence that he had no intention to kill Brian because from the start, he already manifested his intention to hurt and injure the victim. In the case of R v Willmot (No 2) [1985], the Supreme Court held that the judge or jury will apply their own common sense understanding of human behavior before deriving at a conclusion with regard to the intention of the accused. In the given example, a conviction of wilful or intentional murder requires proof that the accused intended to cause the death of the victim. Whil e intention is a subjective element, its determination requires impartiality, neutrality and devoid of any biases. Intent is derived from what the accused was thinking at the time of commission of the offence. In the absence of any direct evidence which is in the form of an admission in a full-blown trial, the intention of the accused will be decided upon based on the attendant circumstances of the time the offence committed. Intention on the part of Brian to kill Jonas is established by the fact when Brian and Darren designed a plan to beat Jonas and Marko, the two geeks who went out with their girlfriends. There is evident pre-meditation on the part of Brian and Darren because a plan was created and they carried it out until its full accomplishment. Brian and Darren are motivated by feelings of jealousy, resentment and evil motive that caused them to inflict grievous bodily harm on the Jonas and Marko. The physical injury inflicted by Brian on Jonas is a clear indication that he h ad the intention to cause grievous bodily harm on Jonas, which later was the cause of the death of Jonas. Thereafter, the final act of Brian of pushing him to fall off the bridge and land in the river to drown, manifests intent to kill was present on the part of Brian. Jonas informed Brian before hitting the water that he did not know how to swim. Brian saw this as an advantage as he pushed Jonas to the river so that he won’t have means to save himself because nobody was there to help him get out of the river. This final act of Brian ensured that Jonas will die by drowning. Without a doubt, malice and the intention to kill Jonas was present on the part of Brian. The evidence of guilt is strong and shown by Brian’s act of inflicting grievous bodily harm and pushing towards the river to drown. The element of malice is present when Brian pushed Jonas to the river and ensured his death because he knew that no one was there to save Jonas. In the case of Woolmington [1935] A C 462, for one to be convicted guilty beyond reasonable doubt for the crime of murder, two elements must be established: 1.) death as a result of a voluntary act of the accused; and 2.) malice on the part of the accused. Here, both of the elements are present on the part of Brian. Therefore, he should be convicted for the crime of intentional murder under Section 302(1) (a). 2. DPP should charge Darren for the crime of

Choosing Path 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Choosing Path 3 - Essay Example The current outlook by the National Association of Colleges and Employers, NACE (2014) indicates that employers seek to increase starting salaries so as woo applicants. Therefore, a career in finance would be considered as financially rewarding. The financial industry has a myriad of benefits to offer. Generally, financial services industry has been noted to offer compensation structures that are much more generous as compared to other sectors of the economy. Secondly, the lean nature of a majority of the players in this industry minimises bureaucracy in financial institutions. A majority of them do not follow a highly formalised structure, thus the ease of interaction between the junior and senior employees. Save for insurance and banking, Lombardi (2012) observes that investment management, investment banking, securities trading and financial advisory are less bureaucratic and more remunerative. Moreover, career advancement in the industry is highly regarded and based on performance. Thus, a career in business finance could particularly favour the ambitious people like me. Finally, the Association for Financial Professionals provides opportunities for those undertaking careers in finance to network, receive appropriate tr aining and get involved in research. This provides numerous opportunities for growth in the industry. Other benefits cited by NACE (2014) include medical insurance, dental insurance, life insurance, annual salary increments and employee assistance such as counselling. Employers in finance look for certain critical skills in a prospective employee. According to NACE (2014), these include communication skills, including the verbal and the written aspects, analytical or quantitative skills, leadership, cooperativeness, problem-solving skills, detailed orientation, computer skills and strong work ethic. They look for persevering people due to demands

Assignment 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Assignment 6 - Essay Example At their back are puppeteers, a representation of establishments who are casting shadows on the wall, where the prisoners can now experience the actual form of reality. They are inherently mistaken for reality. This is because the puppeteers behind the prisoners are using objects to cast shadows in front of the prisoners who are cannot turn back their heads as a form of reality to them. The prisoner is forced to face the fire after being released and the objects that to him once dictated reality to him, now show forms of reality that is accepted. This development indicates that what is perceived to be reality ever since we are born is untrue based on the grounds of imperfect interpretations or reflections of reality (Gaarder 81). This Allegory is a representation of a complex model in which we travel in our lives to reach the understanding of realty. The progress in the development of human represents our own path to finish the awareness in which the realty and the false will reach. The story presents a special view in which reality plays in our lives, and how a person understands. The mankind is stuck in the cave through their own ignorance, believing that what is before them is reality. They do not seek the knowledge of their senses, but instead look beyond their senses to find the underlying causes of things. Rene Descartes presented the idea that, he could not trust his senses and all he thought to be existing should be doubted. He gave three examples to his skepticism. First, is the deception of the senses as they deceive him, the deception of a dream which he termed as false experiences, and lastly the deception of God as an evil demon that is able to trick him as to what he experienced is real. Although many philosophers have found skeptical arguments as false, I think the dreaming argument can stand out to be real. It discredits sensory beliefs. So the dream argument is skeptical. For example, one may lie in bed and get

Choosing Path 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Choosing Path 3 - Essay Example The current outlook by the National Association of Colleges and Employers, NACE (2014) indicates that employers seek to increase starting salaries so as woo applicants. Therefore, a career in finance would be considered as financially rewarding. The financial industry has a myriad of benefits to offer. Generally, financial services industry has been noted to offer compensation structures that are much more generous as compared to other sectors of the economy. Secondly, the lean nature of a majority of the players in this industry minimises bureaucracy in financial institutions. A majority of them do not follow a highly formalised structure, thus the ease of interaction between the junior and senior employees. Save for insurance and banking, Lombardi (2012) observes that investment management, investment banking, securities trading and financial advisory are less bureaucratic and more remunerative. Moreover, career advancement in the industry is highly regarded and based on performance. Thus, a career in business finance could particularly favour the ambitious people like me. Finally, the Association for Financial Professionals provides opportunities for those undertaking careers in finance to network, receive appropriate tr aining and get involved in research. This provides numerous opportunities for growth in the industry. Other benefits cited by NACE (2014) include medical insurance, dental insurance, life insurance, annual salary increments and employee assistance such as counselling. Employers in finance look for certain critical skills in a prospective employee. According to NACE (2014), these include communication skills, including the verbal and the written aspects, analytical or quantitative skills, leadership, cooperativeness, problem-solving skills, detailed orientation, computer skills and strong work ethic. They look for persevering people due to demands

Network Management and Systems Administration SLP Research Paper

Network Management and Systems Administration SLP - Research Paper Example This protocol is the de-facto protocol for retrieving mail from a mail server, due to its easy implementation, and simplicity of use, which does not hurt its strength, Ayelet et al (nd). 2. The secure networking protocols (Koren, 2011), which is very different in its presentation being a written article, it is informative but dull reading. Not such a good way to learn it is important to know about this, as without security on network protocols there is a good chance of hacking the system. But oh boy, it was boring in its presentation. 3. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) tutorial, (Kern, no date) is a series of web pages with written pieces on each page from an introduction to the writers, to in-depth work on SMTP including the animated demonstration. SMTP is very widely used as an e-mail protocol, the exchange of E-Mail using TCP/IP is performed by a message transfer agent (MTA). Users normally dont deal with the MTA. The system administrator is responsible to set up the local MTA. The SMTP protocol describes how two MTAs communicate with each other using a single TCP connection, Avraham et al (nd). The RAD University tutorials are very helpful; I chose the ones I felt I was curious to know more about. And certainly two of the tutorials on POP and SMTP did this. Not so sure about the one on network security by Dr. Koren. It felt old fashioned, I found it difficult to just read it and take in the information. Generally, there are variations in the tutorials some will appeal to certain types of person and not to others, they seem to be good quality and up to date. So mainly a good experience, and I have bookmarked RAD University for my future

3D Graphics Animation Technology

3D Graphics Animation Technology Abstract- In this paper a simple study to gain what is today 3D graphic animation technology has been researched. A brief explanation on the history and variety technology of 3D graphics is obtained. The design of 3D animation graphic is explained in introduction section. The inter information of the technology were discussed by referring the available internet sources. The figure of the 3D animation graphics also have been attached in this report. Index Terms 3D animation, history, technology Introduction Nowadays, everything is easy with technology. From now on we are able to sit in our homes and just look at the picture. The 3D animation was added with an extra ZING concept to make the film excitement. A long time ago, there was no concept of new technology that has developed by any creator. That day, film was used to a boring and animation just use 2D concept. Since the technology has changed, the use of this technology makes everyone enjoyable when watching the movie. In order to create a 3D computer animation, it is not an easy task. It requires extensive knowledge and technical support. It is recommended that the specialists are competent on creating animated computer graphics. Personal computer is also able to make 3D animations. To develop this 3D animation, it requires very technologically advanced workstations powered expensive. There are several types of operating systems like Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X and Linux which is the most commonly used. Other equipment, such as motion capture, video capture performance and blue screens are also used to achieve perfection. hISTORY The history of 3D computer animation can be traced from inception to commercial use. The first thing is where it was conceived, and then how it eventually wound up in our daily lives. Since there are many contributors to computer animation, 3D animation is attributed to William Fetter. William Fetter worked for Boeing during the 1960s using computers to animate and design certain models. One of his projects involved making what came to be known as The Boeing Man. It was a three-dimensional representation of the human body. After that, it was changed by Fetter using the term computer graphics. In 1976, Ed Cat mull and Fred Parke involved the use of 3D computer graphics and animation in a movie of Future world. In part from the movie, the technology of a human face and hand was animated to visually add a futuristic characteristic to the film. Since the technique has been used in many movies, and become a standard in film, television and video games. After Future world, the world was introduced to Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope. The director George Lucas is applied 3D graphics to not only enhance the atmosphere of the film, but as an integral part of the entire movie. This propelled special effects in cinema to new heights. The immense success of Star Wars would lead film makers to rely heavily of animation, in particular 3D animation. The Toy Story, technology has advanced 3D animation to become a daily part of American life. It can be seen at everywhere from video games to Internet application. Then, it can even be created using readily available software. 3D TECHNOLOGY 3D Computer Graphic 3D computer graphics are graphics which use a three-dimensional representation of geometric data. It was stored in the computer to perform calculations and rendering 2D images. For instant, images may be stored for viewing later or displayed in real-time. Although these differences, 3D computer graphics depend on many of the same algorithms such as 2D computer vector graphics in the wire-frame model. Apart from that, in the final rendered display for 2D computer raster graphics. In computer graphics software, the differences between 2D and 3D is sometimes blurred; 2D applications may use 3D techniques in order to achieve effects such as lighting. Besides, 3D may use 2D rendering techniques. 3D models often offered by 3D computer graphics. Apart from the rendered graphic, the graphical data file is within contained in the model. However, there are some differences on 3D model which is the mathematical representation of any three dimensional object. Since the graphic still not display, a model is not technically a graphic. A model can be displayed usually as a 3D rendering from the two-dimensional image or used in non-graphical computer simulations and calculations. Computer Animation Computer animation is one of the arts of creating moving images by using computers. It is a part of computer graphics and animation. 2D computer graphics are still widely used for stylistic, low bandwidth and faster real-time rendering even though 3D has developed crazily worldwide. CGI or Computer-generated imagery or computer-generated imaging is the special use in films. Virtual entities may have and be controlled by variety of attributes For example, transform values (location, orientation, and scale) stored in an objects transformation matrix. The attribute over time changes in animation. The 2D or 3D graphics software will put into between key frames, creating an editable curve of a value mapped over time, resulting in animation. Other than that, there is another one method of animation include procedural and expression-based techniques. In order to create the movement that has the illusion, the image that have been replaced quickly after it was displayed on the computer screen. It was replaced with another new image which is similar to the previous image. This technique is applied in the television and motion pictures for image movement. Figure1: Computer Animation The modern technology movies Film is biggest source of entertainment. This are consists a lot of added value in modern movies to attract more people to the theaters. 3D technology has a value in most important for film. In 1844, David Brewster stereoscope is actually help the 3D with photographic images. Then, Louis Duboscq has improved this invention. It is take 3D images of Queen Victoria, and represent the photo to Universal Exhibition in 1851. 3D technology was start in training and this technology is found the way to be the better film. Now, the application of 3D technology was expand to Hollywood. Beginning at 2000, many studios have full time 3D movie. In 2003, the first film in IMAX 3D was release. It is using the latest technology through the camera system with the latest HD video camera. Thus, the technology is accepted by other Hollywood entertainer. In 2010, the 3D technology is mentioned. Many great films as Avatar, released in 3D format. Thus, it is certain that the coming days is the 3D technology. 3D Technology 3D technology is once of computer graphics developers skilled and games using high end software and machine. To create 3D and render the complex mix colors, virtual lighting and textures, workstation needed considerable processing power and memory to make figures appear three dimensional. Since 3D technology has come a long way, it increasing in the performance but decreasing in cost. PCs are less expensive and more powerful in the pass and can handle better for 3D. The way people to use 3D have begun spread from games to such activities as corporate presentation, web and product design and personal entertainment. PC maker have put 3D acceleration and many types of 3D technology into their entire computer that useful for design and architecture application. This technology is potential developing faster than other desktop computing area. 3D Games Technology 3D video gaming is coming for 3D games technology, with event of Nintendo showing their new 3D hand held system and Sonny show off 3D video games on PlayStation 3 platform. Its no surprise 3D eventually can be a part of video games. 3D games will probably make it stand in the next generation of video games because supporting television are too expensive and new just to play their games in 3D. 3D TV Show Technology 3D TV now possible to increased technological development. Now many popular movies at the theater in 3D and it can view 3D TV shows from own house, but this technology possible come without a price. A good opportunity to producing 3D TV show, 3D technology in cameras or in movie making has increase. For countries that use satellite and cable network broadcasting 3D TV show will easy to implementation to wide bandwidth frequency but cannot applied for terrestrial networks. The great news for 3D TV show like ESPN and Discovery Communications are going to launch their 3D TV network. Future 3D Movie Technology Future 3D film can be described in famous phrase from movie Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. Another success was touted by Disney 3D film Hannah Montana / Miley Cyrus: Best of Both World Concert Tour. For 3D high definition are used for animated hit Kung Fu Panda at 2008 with the voice of Jack Black. With moving forward the latest technology of 3D film can be classical past indeed a goal and better get 3D glasses and set up home theater soon. 3D Graphic Animation Technology A. CGI Technology The evolution of 3D graphic design didnt transform for a very long. But what is CGI animation, exactly? A decade ago, animators were sketch pictures by using hand. Old method animation consists of a whole animators team to draw and color images on cels transparent sheets that were placed on top of a background image for create a multi-layered frame. Through this, section of an each image could change from frame to frame without the entire picture being redrawn. By manipulating the drawings in each layer from frame to frame, animators would create what many adults today recognize it as the traditional cartoon. Many movie fans still remember the hype surrounding of old films such as Star Wars, where computer animation was used. The first sections of CGI animation included 2D animation. These simply involved what animators had been doing for decades such creating multiple frames of images on each second to generate the visual effect of animation. Figure: 2D Animation The picture below is an example of one such completed animated GIF. With todays amazing CPU processing capabilities, computer animators are now able to create a 3 dimensional model to start with. This model is only somewhat like its 2D counterpart, except now computers have the ability to not only modify large parts of a 2 dimensional image as layers it can calculate and modify very small sections of an object within a 3D world. The concept of todays level of 3D CGI animation is an evolution from basic cartoon animation into a simulated world that seeks to represent realism as accurately as possible. B. Example Conclusion 3D becomes most wanted technology that needed for all aspect either animation, movie for variety function and needed such hand phone, laptop, gamer and etc.